Cooking

Gas Mark to Celsius Converter — Oven Temperature Chart (°C, °F & Fan)

Convert gas marks to Celsius and Fahrenheit instantly. Gas mark 4 = 180°C = 356°F. Full table: marks ¼ to 9, fan oven adjustment included. Free calculator.

Data verified · June 2026
Edited by Martín Rodríguez
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Every oven temperature system traces back to the same heat — just measured differently. UK and Commonwealth recipes use gas marks (1–9), American recipes use Fahrenheit, and most of Europe uses Celsius. Fan-assisted (convection) ovens add another wrinkle: they run 20°C hotter than the setting suggests, so recipes must be adjusted. Enter your temperature and source unit below to see the precise equivalent in every system.

When to use this calculator

Following a British recipe that lists temperatures in gas marks on a US Fahrenheit oven
Adapting a European baking recipe (Celsius) for an American kitchen (Fahrenheit)
Checking whether your fan oven needs a temperature reduction versus the recipe's conventional setting
Quickly verifying that 220°C in a continental recipe means gas mark 7 — not 8

Gas Mark to °C, °F & Fan Oven — Complete Conversion Chart

Gas Mark	°C (conventional)	°F	°C (fan)	Description
¼	110	230	90	Very cool — meringues, drying
½	130	265	110	Cool slow
1	140	275	120	Cool
2	150	300	130	Cool–moderate
3	165	325	145	Warm — puddings, cheesecakes
4	180	356	160	Moderate — cakes, biscuits, sponge
5	190	375	170	Moderate hot — pies, tarts
6	200	392	180	Hot — bread, pizza
7	220	428	200	Very hot — roasting
8	230	446	210	Very hot — pastry, gratin
9	240	464	220	Maximum — stone-baked pizza

Fuente: Wikipedia – Gas mark; Which? Oven Temperature Conversion Table. Fan/convection: restar 20 °C al ajuste convencional.

How it works

Gas Mark to Celsius & Fahrenheit — Complete Conversion Table

The gas mark scale runs from ¼ (very cool) to 9 (maximum heat). Each mark maps to a fixed Celsius value from the standardised UK table (BBC Good Food / Good Housekeeping UK):

How to Convert Oven Temperatures

Celsius → Fahrenheit: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32

Fahrenheit → Celsius: °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9

Celsius → Gas Mark: Use the table above. The UK gas mark scale was standardised so that gas mark 1 = 275°F (140°C), with each additional mark adding roughly 25°F (13–14°C).

Fan/convection oven adjustment: Subtract 20°C (35°F) from any conventional oven setting. If a recipe says 200°C conventional, set your fan oven to 180°C.

Common Conversions at a Glance

Common temp	Gas Mark	Fahrenheit	Use
160°C	3	320°F	Cheesecake, slow-roast
180°C	4	356°F	Most cakes, Victoria sponge
190°C	5	374°F	Quiche, shortcrust pastry
200°C	6	392°F	Bread loaf, roast chicken
220°C	7	428°F	Yorkshire pudding, pizza
230°C	8	446°F	Puff pastry, gratin
240°C	9	464°F	Max heat, artisan bread

Why Gas Marks Exist

Gas mark 1 was originally calibrated to 275°F in the UK. Unlike electric ovens, early gas ovens lacked precise thermostats, so the 1–9 scale gave cooks a reproducible reference across different appliances. Today the system survives mainly in British and Commonwealth recipe books.

Practical Tips

Oven thermometers often reveal that your dial is off by 10–25°C — worth checking before a critical bake.

Dark baking tins absorb more heat; reduce temperature by 10°C vs. shiny tins.

Altitude reduces the boiling point of water but doesn't affect dry oven heat significantly — temperature conversion is the same at any altitude.

Example: British cake recipe at gas mark 4

A Victoria sponge recipe specifies gas mark 4. Enter 4 in the temperature field and select 'Gas Mark' as the source unit.

The calculator returns: 180°C = 356°F = Gas Mark 4 — a moderate oven.

If you have a fan/convection oven, reduce to 160°C (320°F) — 20°C less than the conventional setting.

Gas mark 4 = 180°C = 356°F. Fan oven: 160°C.

Frequently asked questions

What is gas mark 4 in Celsius and Fahrenheit?

Gas mark 4 = 180°C = 356°F. It is described as a 'moderate' oven and is the most common baking temperature for cakes, biscuits, and moderate roasting. On a fan/convection oven, reduce to 160°C (320°F).

What is 180°C in gas mark?

180°C is gas mark 4 — a moderate oven. In Fahrenheit, 180°C equals 356°F. This is the temperature used for most standard cakes, Victoria sponge, and many cookie recipes.

How do I convert Celsius to Fahrenheit for ovens?

Use the formula: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32. For common baking temperatures: 160°C = 320°F, 180°C = 356°F, 200°C = 392°F, 220°C = 428°F. This formula works for any temperature.

What temperature is a fan oven compared to a conventional oven?

A fan-assisted (convection) oven runs about 20°C (35°F) hotter than the dial suggests because the fan circulates hot air more efficiently. When a recipe lists a conventional oven temperature, reduce by 20°C for a fan oven. So 200°C conventional = 180°C fan.

What is gas mark 6 in Celsius?

Gas mark 6 = 200°C = 392°F. It is a 'hot' oven setting, used for roasting vegetables, baking bread, and cooking pastry quickly. On a fan oven, reduce to 180°C.

What is gas mark 7 in Celsius?

Gas mark 7 = 220°C = 428°F. This is a 'hot' oven, used for high-heat roasting, Yorkshire pudding, and oven chips. On a fan oven, set to 200°C.

Why does 350°F not exactly equal 180°C?

350°F converts to exactly 176.7°C — usually rounded to 177°C. The '180°C = 350°F' shorthand appearing in many recipe books is a convenient approximation, not a precise conversion. For precision, use the formula: °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9.

What countries use gas marks?

Gas marks are used primarily in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and some other Commonwealth countries such as Australia and New Zealand — mostly in older recipe books. Modern UK recipes increasingly use Celsius alongside or instead of gas marks.

What does a 'moderate' oven mean in temperature?

A 'moderate' or 'medium' oven is typically 170–190°C (338–374°F), corresponding to gas marks 3–5. It is the sweet spot for most baking — hot enough to set batters and cook through, cool enough to avoid scorching the outside.

How accurate is oven temperature conversion?

The Celsius↔Fahrenheit formula is exact. The gas mark table is based on the standardised UK scale, accurate to within 5°C for each mark. However, actual oven temperatures often differ from the dial by 10–25°C depending on calibration — an oven thermometer is the most reliable check.

Sources & references

Methodology & trust

Editorial

Cooking calculator with its formula verified automatically against Wikipedia — Gas mark (UK temperature scale history and table), per our editorial policy and methodology.

Updates

Updated: June 2026. Parameters are verified periodically against the cited sources.

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Calculations run 100% in your browser. We do not store or transmit your data.

Limitations

Indicative results. For critical decisions, consult a professional.

📌 How to cite this calculator

Rodríguez, M. (2026). Gas Mark to Celsius Converter — Oven Temperature Chart (°C, °F & Fan). Hacé Cuentas. https://hacecuentas.com/en/oven-temperature-gas-electric-conversion

Content licensed under CC-BY 4.0 — reuse it citing the source with a link to Hacé Cuentas.

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